When choosing bathroom lighting, both safety and functionality must be considered. In this article, we will discuss IP ratings and their importance in choosing bathroom lighting.
What does IP rating mean?
The IP rating (Ingress Protection) indicates how well an electrical device is protected from external factors, such as dust and moisture. The IP rating consists of two numbers:
- The first number (0-6) indicates protection against solid objects and dust
- The second number (0-8) indicates protection against water and moisture.
For example, in the IP21 rating, the first 2 means protection against objects larger than 12.5 mm, and the second 1 means protection against vertically dripping water.
IP ratings suitable for toilets
The toilet is usually less humid than the bathroom, but still more humid than a regular living space. Therefore, the following recommendations should be considered when choosing lighting:
Basic toilet without shower
- Recommended IP rating: at least IP21
- This protects the luminaire from vertically dripping water and moisture.
- Sufficient for most toilets without a shower
Toilet area with sink
- Recommended IP rating: at least IP44
- Protects the lamp from splashes of water that may occur when washing hands
- Especially important for fixtures near the sink
Toilet room with shower or bathtub
- Comply with bathroom IP rating requirements (IP44-IP67 depending on the area)
- For more detailed information, see our bathroom lighting guide.
A more detailed explanation of IP ratings
First number (protection against solid objects):
- 0 : No protection
- 1 : Protection against objects larger than 50 mm
- 2 : Protection against objects larger than 12.5 mm
- 3 : Protection against objects larger than 2.5 mm
- 4 : Protection against objects larger than 1 mm
- 5 : Dust-proof (dust does not affect operation)
- 6 : Dustproof
Second number (protection against water):
- 0 : No protection
- 1 : Protection against vertically dripping water
- 2 : Protection against dripping water (at an angle of 15°)
- 3 : Rain protection (at 60° angle)
- 4 : Protection against splash water
- 5 : Protection against water jets
- 6 : Protection against powerful water jets
- 7 : Protection against short-term immersion
- 8 : Protection against continuous immersion
Tips for choosing toilet lighting
1. Functionality and safety
- Ensure sufficient general lighting throughout the space
- Mirror lighting is particularly important - choose an IP44 rated light
- Pay attention to the placement of the luminaire in relation to water points
2. Lighting solutions for a small toilet space
- Ceiling lamp for general lighting (IP21 or IP44)
- Mirror light for facial lighting (IP44)
- Indirect lighting to create atmosphere, e.g. LED strip under the cabinet (IP44)
3. Selection of light sources
- LED lights are energy efficient and long-lasting
- A color temperature of 3000-4000K is usually comfortable in a toilet.
- Color rendering index (CRI) of at least 90 under specular lighting
4. Lighting that suits the style
- Minimalist, chrome or steel-finished luminaires are suitable for a modern toilet space.
- More classic lamps with glass or brass surfaces are suitable for a traditional style.
- Light, wood-finished or white lamps are suitable for Scandinavian style.
The most common mistakes in toilet lighting
-
Insufficient lighting
- Good lighting is needed, especially in front of the mirror.
-
Incorrect IP rating
- May pose a safety risk and shorten the life of the luminaire
-
Shadows on the face
- Mirror lighting should be positioned so that it does not create distracting shadows.
-
Too bright or dazzling light
- Uncomfortable to use, especially at night
Practical examples of toilet lighting solutions
Small toilet without sink
- Ceiling light with IP21 rating
- Possibly a small wall lamp for mood lighting
Standard toilet with sink
- Ceiling light with IP21 rating
- Mirror light with IP44 rating
- Possibly LED strip in the sink cabinet (IP44)
Toilet room with shower
- Ceiling light with IP44 rating
- Mirror light with IP44 rating
- Shower area lighting with IP65 rating
Summary
When choosing lighting for a toilet, the IP rating is an important safety factor, although the requirements are not as strict as in a bathroom. A luminaire rated IP21 is usually sufficient for a basic toilet, but IP44 is recommended near the sink.
Remember that electrical installations require a permit, so always use a professional electrician to install the lights. This will ensure that the lighting in your toilet is both safe and compliant with regulations.
